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Appendix C IP Addresses and Subnetting

P-660H-T1v3s User’s Guide

250

In a 25-bit subnet the host ID has 7 bits, so each sub-network has a maximum of

– 2 or 126 possible hosts (a host ID of all zeroes is the subnet’s address itself,

all ones is the subnet’s broadcast address).

192.168.1.0 with mask 255.255.255.128 is subnet A itself, and 192.168.1.127

with mask 255.255.255.128 is its broadcast address. Therefore, the lowest IP

address that can be assigned to an actual host for subnet A is 192.168.1.1 and

the highest is 192.168.1.126.

Similarly, the host ID range for subnet B is 192.168.1.129 to 192.168.1.254.

Example: Four Subnets

The previous example illustrated using a 25-bit subnet mask to divide a 24-bit

address into two subnets. Similarly, to divide a 24-bit address into four subnets,

you need to “borrow” two host ID bits to give four possible combinations (00, 01,

10 and 11). The subnet mask is 26 bits

(11111111.11111111.11111111.11000000) or 255.255.255.192.

Each subnet contains 6 host ID bits, giving 2

- 2 or 62 hosts for each subnet (a

host ID of all zeroes is the subnet itself, all ones is the subnet’s broadcast

address).

Table 68 Subnet 1

IP/SUBNET MASK NETWORK NUMBER

LAST OCTET BIT

VALUE

IP Address (Decimal) 192.168.1. 0

IP Address (Binary) 11000000.10101000.00000001. 00000000

Subnet Mask (Binary) 11111111.11111111.11111111. 11000000

Subnet Address:

192.168.1.0

Lowest Host ID: 192.168.1.1

Broadcast Address:

192.168.1.63

Highest Host ID: 192.168.1.62

Table 69 Subnet 2

IP/SUBNET MASK NETWORK NUMBER

LAST OCTET BIT

VALUE

IP Address 192.168.1. 64

IP Address (Binary) 11000000.10101000.00000001. 01000000

Subnet Mask (Binary) 11111111.11111111.11111111. 11000000

Subnet Address:

192.168.1.64

Lowest Host ID: 192.168.1.65

Broadcast Address:

192.168.1.127

Highest Host ID: 192.168.1.126

1 2 ... 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 ... 271 272

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